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What are the contents of textile testing?

Published on:

2020/11/03

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　　Does everyone test textiles after purchasing them? The quality and hygiene of textiles are issues we need to pay attention to, so we must be careful with the textiles we buy. Today, I will talk about several aspects of textile testing.

　　1. Shrinkage Test

　　Since we often use washing machines at home to wash textiles, it is important to determine the stability of the fabric.

　　Method: Before washing, measure the length of the item, and determine the size change of the sample by measuring the change in markings after washing. We select washing and drying methods based on the type and requirements of the item, add standard detergent and appropriate water level to start washing and drying, and finally obtain the test results.

　　2. Performance Test

　　Tensile Strength: The force used when a fabric of a certain size is stretched to break at a constant rate by a tensile machine is the measured tensile strength. Tensile strength testing includes the grab test and the strip test, and specific testing methods can be chosen according to different standards and requirements.

　　Pilling Resistance: Under specific conditions, the fabric is tumbled and rubbed for a certain time, then the surface fuzzing and pilling are observed. Pilling refers to the accumulation of tangled fiber balls on the fabric surface, while fuzzing refers to the roughness and/or fiber fuzz on the fabric surface, causing changes in the fabric's appearance. Fuzz and pills are evaluated by rated samples or original comparisons.

　　3. Colorfastness Test

　　Washing Colorfastness: The sample is sewn together with a standard lining fabric, washed and dried, and bleached and cleaned at appropriate temperature and alkalinity to quickly obtain test results. The friction washing in this process is achieved by rolling and impacting with a small bath ratio and an appropriate number of stainless steel balls. Finally, a special gray card is used to grade the standard lining fabric and the sample to obtain colorfastness and test results. Different test methods have different temperatures, alkalinity, bleaching, friction conditions, and sample quantities, and specific methods should be chosen according to test standards and customer requirements. Usually, colors with poor washing colorfastness include turquoise blue, bright blue, scarlet, navy blue, etc.

　　Sweat Colorfastness: The sample and standard lining fabric are sewn together, treated in sweat solution, clamped on a sweat fastness tester, placed in a constant temperature oven, then the lining fabric of the sample is dried separately. Finally, a special gray card is used to grade the lining fabric and sample to obtain colorfastness and test results. Different test methods have different sweat ratios, sample quantities, and test temperatures and times.

　　4. Chemical Performance Test

　　Formaldehyde Test: A certain amount of free or released formaldehyde is extracted from the fabric by a specific method, then a colorimetric test is performed to calculate the formaldehyde content.

　　pH Test: The pH value of the fabric solution is accurately measured using a pH meter, and the value read on the pH meter is the measured pH value.

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CCTV News: China's textile and apparel industry was severely affected by the pandemic in the first half of this year, facing high inventory levels and tight cash flow, with the entire upstream and downstream industrial chain in a sluggish state. After entering August, the textile and apparel industry began to recover, and in September and October, the industry's exhibition economy became active again.